Lubricating oil



Patented Feb. 6, 1934 LUBRICATING OIL Bert ll. Lincoln and Alfred Henriksen, Ponca City, Okla, assignors to Continental Oil Company, Ponca City, Okla., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application July 14, 1932 Serial No. 622,462

2 Claims.

Our invention relates to high quality lubricating oils and specifically comprises such products as new compositions of matter.

Present day mechanical devices require lubri- 5 eating oils olhigh film strength. It has been found that the highest quality straight hydrocarbon lubricants have a film strength insufiicient tor efiicient use in present day mechanical devices. With these high quality straight hydro.-

1 carbon lubricants when being used under conditions of high pressure, slow speeds and/or high temperatureathat the lubricant has a tendency to break down due to its low film strength under the above conditions. with high-pressures on 1- the rubbing surfaces the body of lubricant is squeezed outand there is only a thin film between the rubbing suriaces. It is readily seen that with a low film strength lubricant there would be a tendency for the lubricant to break down, decompose, and allow the rubbing surfaces to come into contact and cause seizure.

The object of our invention is to improve the film strength oi'hydrocarbon lubricants so they may be used with safety under conditions which would cause a breaking down of the straight lubricant. By practicing our invention the film strength of the lubricant may be economically improved.

In outline, our invention comprises the halogenation of high boiling hydrocarbons, waxes, and the like, then condensing or combining two or more of these halogenated molecules into one molecule. The product or this combination is added to hydrocarbon lubricants in varying quantities to improve the film strength, the exact quantity used depending on the quality and initial film strength of the original hydrocarbon lubricant.

To prove the eflieiency of our invention we 40 rupture the film oi the lubricant under conditions simulating operating condition but with large scale laboratory equipment designed to keep operating conditions constant and to measure the pressure .at which the lubricant breaks down. The equipment. employed is known as the Timken" testing machine and was developed by the 'limken Roller Bearing Company and is known 56 rubbing surfaces for film rupture.

The following example of our invention is given to show one embodiment of our invention but it is to be understood that our invention is not limited thereto, except insofar as pointed out in our claims.

' Hydrocarbon wax with a melting point of about 130 F. was chlorinated by direct chlorination and substitution toa melting point of about 60 F. The thus prepared chlorinated wax was freed of all excess chlorine and/or hydrogen chloride. To the resulting product sodium ethoxide in excess alcohol was added as a condensing agent. The excess alcohol was removed from the product and then the product thoroughly washedtoremove any water soluble inorganic salts'prescnt. Small amounts of the original halogenated wax and oi the condensation product were added to a hydrocarbon lubricant and tested on the Timken machine for film strength. The original hydrocarbon lubricant was also tested. The following results were obtained:

' Pounds per Egg; square inch Oil pound pressure for weight a a 011 mm drocarbonlubriumt 18.2 10,506 Original in rieant plus 1% chlorinated wax. 19. 7 11,600 Original lubricant plus 1% of product 0! condensation oi chlorinated wax with sodium ethoxide 23. 0 i3, 500

By the addition of 1% of the product of condensation the pressure at which the lubricant broke down was raised from 10,500 pounds per square inch to 13,500 pounds per square inch. With poorer quality original lubricants larger quantities may be obtained to. obtain the same improvement. If a lubricant with a film strength of higher than 13 ,500 pounds per square inch is requiredlarger quantities of the condensation product should be used. As much at 5% or more ot the product may be required.

The degree of halogenation may be varied over wide limits. In the above example the wax was halogenated to a 60 F. melting point. More or less halogenation'may be employed. The degree of halogenation influences the amount of product to be used in the final lubricant.

Many methods of halogenation are known, any of which may beemployed in this invention. -It should be understood that this invention does not contemplate covering any halogenation process. Any of the halogens may be employed or a wax may be halogenated with two or more halogens,

or a blend of waxes halogenated with the various halogens.

Removing free halogens and/or halogen acids from the halogenated wax may be accomplished as the condensing agent. It will be readily seen 1 that any of the alkali condensing agents may be employed such as inorganic aikalies, inorganic alkalies in organic solvents, condensing agents of the mixed organic-inorganic. type such as sodamide, etc. The condensing reaction may be accomplished straight or in solution with various solvents, provided the solvent is removed before use.

We are not positive or the composition 01' the product of our invention. It, no doubt, is a mixture of a number of compounds, including unchanged halogenated wax, combined molecules resulting fromthe removal of two atoms of halogen from two molecules and the subsequent combination of the two molecules at the point the halogen was removed, molecules resulting from'the addition 01' 002K: to the wax molecule by removing a halogen atom with the metallic atom of the condensing agent etc. The finished product contains halogen in organic combination. In the example given a small amount of halogen in organic combination was presentin the finished product,

Our invention is not to be limited on the above theory of chemistrywhich we think is involved in our invention, but rests on the unobvlous and unexpected results obtained. 1

Any of the waxes either natural occurring or.

synthetic, or any of the high boiling hydrocarbons may be employed in our invention.v By the term waxes, we include solid and liquid waxes from animal, vegetable, and petroleum origin.

The product of our invention may be efllciently added to any of the hydrocarbon lubricants voi! whatever classification including the high and low viscosity lubricants, blends of the two, greases, etc.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is:

1. A lubricating oil of improved film strength agent a chlorinated wax with a chlorinated wax.

said condensation product containing a small amount of chlorine-in organic combination.

BERT H. LINCOLN.

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